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GUIDELINES FOR MANAGEMENT OF ADVERSE TRANSFUSION REACTIONS
REACTION/CAUSE
SIGNS & SYMPTOMS
PREVENTION
MANAGEMENT
Acute Haemolytic
Frequency:
Obtain blood specimens (EDTAand clotted). Collect away from Send adverse reactionnotification form, blood productwith IV set attached (in plasticbag) to Blood Bank andspecimens to relevant labs.
Allergic (minor)
Frequency: 1:30 - 1:100
a slower rate with increasedmonitoring eg BP/PIT 15 – 30mm Obtain blood specimens (EDTAand clotted). Collect away fromsite of transfusion If symptoms increase treat as amoderate or severe reaction.
_____________________________________________________________________________________Prepared by: Jim Faed GUIDELINES FOR MANAGEMENT OF ADVERSE TRANSFUSION REACTIONS
REACTION/CAUSE
SIGNS & SYMPTOMS
PREVENTION
MANAGEMENT
Allergic
(moderate/severe)
Frequency: 1:500–1:1,000
Notify Blood bank by phone:discuss urgency of follow up testsand further transfusion needs Anaphylactic /
Anaphylactoid Reaction
blood/blood products ifpatient is known to Frequency: 1:20,000 –
of IgA to IgA deficientpatient who has anti- notification form, blood productwith IV set attached (in plastic Treat shock (adrenalin 0.5 ml 1in1000 SC or adrenalin 1:10,000IV in a fast running saline dripusing a tuberculin syringe: 5-10microlitre doses every minuteapprox, as needed to controlsymptoms.
Rapid IV fluids to maintain bloodpressure. Discuss with TMS if severereaction present _____________________________________________________________________________________Prepared by: Jim Faed GUIDELINES FOR MANAGEMENT OF ADVERSE TRANSFUSION REACTIONS
REACTION/CAUSE
SIGNS & SYMPTOMS
PREVENTION
MANAGEMENT
Bacterial Sepsis
Frequency:
Obtain blood cultures frompatient if sepsis suspected.
Give antibiotics: gentamicin5mg/kg and a broad-spectrumpenicillin or cephalosporin. Circulatory Overload
Frequency: 1:1000 red cell
Equipmentperformance must bemonitored regularly. _____________________________________________________________________________________Prepared by: Jim Faed GUIDELINES FOR MANAGEMENT OF ADVERSE TRANSFUSION REACTIONS
REACTION/CAUSE
SIGNS & SYMPTOMS
PREVENTION
MANAGEMENT
Delayed Haemolytic
Frequency: 1:700
usually by transfusionor pregnancy. Theantibody(ies) havedropped belowdetectable level.
Transfusion of cellscarrying thecorresponding antigenboost the antibody(ies)which then causes redcell destruction.
Febrile (non haemolytic)
Frequency: 1-3:100
red cell or platelettransfusion is required,give leucocyte _____________________________________________________________________________________Prepared by: Jim Faed GUIDELINES FOR MANAGEMENT OF ADVERSE TRANSFUSION REACTIONS
REACTION/CAUSE
SIGNS & SYMPTOMS
PREVENTION
MANAGEMENT
Post Transfusion
Frequency: 1:1000
If not bleeding, no action may berequired. relevant platelet-specific antigen.
In other circumstances, platelettransfusion should be avoided.
TRALI: Transfusion
Associated Lung Injury
Frequency: 1:5,000
titre antibody in donorplasma that reactswith recipientneutrophil or HLAantigens causing anacute severemicrovascular lunginjury. Othercontributing factorsmay exist _____________________________________________________________________________________Prepared by: Jim Faed

Source: http://bn6team-10.wikispaces.com/file/view/Guidelines_for_Management_of_Adverse_Transfusion_Reactions.pdf/214310872/Guidelines_for_Management_of_Adverse_Transfusion_Reactions.pdf