Lia's cv-03-09

______________________CHARIKLIA SOTIRIOU-LEVENTIS______________________
Department of Chemistry, Missouri University of Science and Technology (Missouri S&T), Formerly, University of Missouri-Rolla (UMR) E-mail: cslevent@mst.edu; Tel.: (573) 341-4353; Fax: (573) 341-6033

EDUCATION
Postdoctoral
Physical Organic Chemistry; June 1989-March 1992. Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, U.S.A. Research Advisor: Professor William von Eggers Doering. Postdoctoral
Environmental Chemistry; Nov. 1987-May 1989. Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.A. Research Advisor: Professor Roger W. Giese. Organic Chemistry; GPA 3.83/4.00; December 1987. Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, U.S.A. Thesis Preceptor: Professor C. K. Chang. Dissertation Title: "Synthesis and Properties of Heme d-, d - and Sulfur Chemistry (summa cum laude, GPA 8.8/10.0); June 1982.
HONORS & AWARDS
2007-2008: Wilbur Tappmeyer Outstanding Teaching Award, Chemistry Department, MST. 2005-2006: Excellence in Teaching 400-level Chemistry Award, UMR (now MST). Appeared in the list of the most influential Professors of UMR by UMR Alumni. 2001-present: Head of the Organic Chemistry Division, UMR. 2002-present: Included in Marquis Who’s Who in Science and Engineering. 2000-present: Included in Marquis Who’s Who of American Women. 2000-2001: President of the South Central Missouri Local Section of ACS. 1999-2000: Wilbur Tappmeyer Outstanding Teaching Award, Chemistry Department, UMR. 1996-1997: Included in Outstanding Young Women of America. 1997-present: Included in American Men & Women of Science. 1993: Award in Organic Synthesis, Ciba Corning Diagnostics Inc. Gustel Giessen Advanced Research Award of the Barnett Institute of Chemical Analysis and Materials Science. 1985-1986: Merit Level Teaching Assistant, Chemisty Dept., Michigan State University. 1978-1982: Greek Institute of State Scholarship Awards. EMPLOYMENT HISTORY
Missouri University of Science & Technology (formerly, UMR), Department of Chemistry
Rolla, MO 65409, U.S.A.
September 2005-present: Professor and Doctoral Faculty Member.
September 2001-August 2004: Associate Professor and Doctoral Faculty Member.
September 1995-August 2001: Assistant Professor and Doctoral Faculty Member.
January 1994-August 1995: Adjunct Assistant Professor
Teaching
My teaching includes undergraduate and graduate level courses in Organic and General
Chemistry. Courses taught: Chem 1 (General Chemistry), Chem 221&223 (Organic Chemistry
I&II), Chem 328 (Organic Synthesis and Spectroscopic Analysis), Chem 423 (Advanced
Synthetic Organic Chemistry), Chem 425 (Advanced Physical-Organic Chemistry). I had also
prepared lab manuals, and instructed both introductory and advanced undergraduate organic
chemistry laboratory courses (Chem 224, 226, 228, 328).
Teaching evaluations resulted in five teaching awards from Missouri S&T.
Research
My research interests are in the areas of organic materials, physical organic and bioorganic
chemistry. My research projects are summarized below:
(a) As part of an effort to find efficient radical traps, and consequently anticarcinogenic agents,
we have investigated the reaction of electrochemically generated radicals, such as superoxide
and hydroperoxyl radicals with biomolecules such as vitamin A and β-carotene (as a mixture of
geometrical isomers). We have also compared the rate constants of the various mono-cis isomers
of β-carotene with superoxide, generated via pulse radiolysis, and found that 9-cis-β-carotene
reacts faster than other isomers. Preliminary biological studies on irradiated cells and
measurement of the parameters of oxidative stress, showed that the 9-cis-β-carotene was the best
radioprotector among the geometric isomers of β-carotene (NIH Funding).
(b) Synthesis and study of the redox chemistry of a wide range of compounds based on the 4-
benzoyl-N-methylpyridinium cation. This project has led us into establishing that class of
compounds as viable electrochromic materials, and as redox mediators (i.e., catalysts) for sensors
and biocatalysts. At a more fundamental level, this project has led into studies of charge
percolation in dendritic systems and optical oxygen sensors with the highest dynamic range and
sensitivity ever reported. Along the way, we also measured and established the sigma substituent
constant (a fundamental thermodynamic quantity) of the one-electron reduced form of the nitro
group, a discovery with far reaching implications with regards to using that group in organic
synthesis (PRF Funding).
(c) Synthesis and study of new arylethynyl substituted anthraquinones, Os(II) complexes, and
substituted phenothiazinium cations as part of an effort to shift photoluminescence in the near-ir.
The new materials will find applications in biosensors, optical switching, signal processing,
sensors and actuators (NASA Funding).
(d) In collaboration with Prof. Nicholas Leventis, we have launched an extremely successful
project on polymer reinforced silica aerogels (NSF and UMRB Funding). We were able to
resolve the fragility problem associated with this lightweight class of materials by developing
crosslinking chemistry that increased the strength of silica aerogels by a factor of over 300 for a
nominal increase in density by a factor of 3. Several patents resulted from this new aerogel
technology. This research has attracted international attention (C&E News: 09/16/2002;
BusinessWeek: 10/14/2002; Today’s Chemist at Work: Nov. 2002; Materials Today: Nov.
2002, and numerous other publications in several languages). In the future, the new aerogel
nanocomposites will probably appear in insulated windows, refrigerators, thermoses, automobile
bumpers, armor vests, in fuel tanks for aircrafts and fuel transport vehicles.
(e) Recently, my group is exploring the immobilization of catalysts on the high surface area of
mesoporous silica for use as catalysts in organic reactions (e.g. Sonogashira coupling reaction).
The Sonogashira reaction should be considered as a model for a new generation of flow-through
monolithic catalysts that will include acids and bases for classic C-C forming reactions, oxidative
as well as chiral catalysis. Moreover, we are currently working in the area of supramolecular
chemistry (Host/Guest interactions) using curcubit[7]uril as a water soluble host, and substituted
benzoylpyridinium compounds as guests. The study of these interactions will be useful in
controlling the stereochemistry and regiochemistry of organic reactions.
GRANTS: Over $1.5 M: NSF (two current grants), NASA, NIH, PRF, UMRB (two grants as a
PI plus an NMR instrumentation grant).
Ciba Corning Diagnostics Inc.
E. Walpole, MA, U.S.A.
February 1993-November 1993: Senior Research Scientist. Design and synthesis of peptides containing multiple chemiluminescent labels for conjugation with oligonucleotides. These modified oligonucleotide probes provide increased detection sensitivity for the targeted DNA and RNA sequences, and are important for the diagnosis of infectious diseases and genetic disorders. March 1992-February 1993: Research Scientist. Design and synthesis of (a) chemiluminescent labels based on acridinium esters, and (b) the corresponding tracers, for use in clinical immunodiagnostics. Harvard University, Department of Chemisty
Cambridge, MA, U.S.A.
June 1989-March 1992: Synthetic and mechanistic chemisty of linear polyenes; measurement of the activation parameters of the thermal cis-trans isomerization of β−carotenes as probes of their biological activity. Northeastern University, Department of Medicinal Chemistry
Boston, MA, U.S.A.
November 1987 to May 1989: Methodology development for the quantitative transformation of carcinogen-DNA adducts to aromatic esters, suitable for trace analysis by GC/MS. Along these lines, discovered a highly efficient reaction of potassium superoxide for the synthesis of aromatic 1,2-dicarboxylic acids. Michigan State University, Department of Chemistry
E. Lansing, MI, U.S.A.
Research
1982-1987: Synthesis and properties of porphyrins, reduced porphyrins (chlorins), other
porphyrinoids and their metal complexes; total synthesis of 'Lactochlorin', the heme d prosthetic
group of bacterial terminal oxidases.
Teaching
1982-1986: Recitation and laboratory instructor in organic chemistry (merit level).
University of Athens, Department of Chemistry
Athens, Greece
1981-1982: Preparation of protecting groups for use in peptide synthesis.

PROFESSIONAL AFFILIATIONS
American Chemical Society
American Association for the Advancement of Science
UNIVERSITY SERVICE & OUTREACH ACTIVITIES
Campus Personnel Committee Chair (2008-present) Head of the Organic Chemistry Division (2001-present) Chemistry Department’s Personnel Committee, MST (2008-present) Chemistry Department’s Academic Affairs Committee, MST (2008-present) Chemistry Department’s Scholarship Committee, MST (2007-present) Faculty Senate SB389 Ad-Hoc Committee Chemistry Department’s Vitek Chair Search Committee (2006-present). ACS Chair of the South Central Missouri Local Section of the American Chemical Society Chair of Physical Organic Chemistry Session, 35th Midwest Regional ACS Meeting, St. Louis, UMR’s Pre-Medical Advisory Committee (2000-2003).
Chemistry Department’s Faculty Search Committee (2000, 2004-05).
College of A&S Student Academic Affairs Committee (1996-98).
Chemistry Department’s Personnel Committee (1997-98).
NMR Spectroscopist Search Committee (1997-98 and 2002-03).
Chemistry Department’s NMR Spectroscopist Search Committee (1997-98 and 2002-03).
Central Midwest Region Chemical Education Advisory Committee "CEAC" (1997-present).
Chemistry Department’s Graduate Brochure Revision Committee (1998).
Participated in organizing the National Chemistry Week (November 1-7, 1998).
Served as a Graduate Advisory Committee member of ~30 graduate students.
ADVISEES
Undergraduate Students
Christina M. Collins (B.S., 1999 from UMR; Ph.D., 2005 from MIT). Graduate Students(Thesis Major Advisor)/Postdocs Guohui Zhang (Ph.D., 2004) Jinhua Yang (Ph.D., 2004) Xiaojiang Wang (M.S., 2006) Amala Dass (postdoc, 2005-06) Sudhir Mulik (Ph.D., 2008) Current
PUBLICATIONS
Submitted
75. Sotiriou-Leventis, C.; Aykin-Burns, N.; Rawashdeh, A. M. M; Horn, N.; Ercal, N.; Guldi, D.
M. "Pulse Radiolysis Studies of β-Carotene Geometric Isomers and all-trans Retinol and
Their Evaluation Against Radiation-Induced Oxidative Damage," Free Radical Biol. Med.
2009.
74. Leventis, N.; Chandrasekaran, N.; Sadekar, A.; Sotiriou-Leventis, C.; Hongbing, L. "One- Pot Synthesis of Interpenetrating Inorganic/Organic Networks of CuO/Resorcinol-
Formaldehyde Aerogels: Nanostructured Energetic Materials," J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2009.
In Print/In Press 73. Thangavel, A.; Rawashdeh, A. M. M.; Sotiriou-Leventis, C.; Leventis, N. "Simultaneous Electron Transfer from Free and Intercalated 4-Benzoylpyridinium Cations in
Cucurbit[7]uril," Org. Lett. 2009, in press.
72. Sotiriou-Leventis, C.; Wang, X.; Mulik, S.; Leventis, N. "Immobilization of Pd Catalysts on Mesoporous Silica for Amine-, and Copper-Free Sonogashira Coupling Reactions," Synth.
Commun. 2008, 38(14), 2285-2298.
71. Mulik, S.; Sotiriou-Leventis, C.; Leventis, N. "Macroporous Electrically Conducting Carbon Networks by Pyrolysis of Isocyanate Crosslinked Resorcinol-Formaldehyde Aerogels,"
Chem. Mater. 2008, 20(22),6985-6997.
70. Mulik, S.; Sotiriou-Leventis, C.; Gitogo C.; Hongbing, L.; Leventis, N. "Crosslinking 3D Assemblies of Nanoparticles into Mechanically Strong Aerogels by Surface-Initiated Free
Radical Polymerization," Chem. Mater. 2008, 20(15), 5035-5046.
69. Rawashdeh, A.-M. M.; Thangavel, A.; Sotiriou-Leventis, C.; Leventis, N. "Control of the Ketone to gem-Diol Equilibrium by Host-Guest Interactions," Organic Letters 2008, 10(6)
1131-1134.
68. Leventis, N.; Chandrasekaran, N.; Sotiriou-Leventis C.; Mumtaz, A. "Smelting in the age of nano: iron aerogels," J. Mater. Chem. 2008, 19(1), 63-65.
67. Leventis, N.; Sotiriou-Leventis, C.; Mulik, S.; Dass, A.; Schnobrich, J.; Hobbs, A.; Fabrizio, E. F.; Luo, H.; Churu, G.; Zhang, Y.; Lu, H. "Polymer Nanoencapsulated Mesoporous
Vanadia with Unusual Ductility at Cryogenic Temperatures," J. Mater. Chem. 2008, 18,
2475-2482.
66. Heckman, B.; Martin, L.; Wang, X.; Bertino, M. F.; Sotiriou-Leventis, C.; Leventis, N.; Tokuhiro, A. T. "Sol-gel Materials for High Capacity, Rapid Removal of Metal
Contaminants," Separation Science and Technology 2008.
65. Leventis, N.; Mulik, S.; Wang, X.; Dass, A.; Patil, V. U.; Sotiriou-Leventis, C.; Lu, H.; Churu, G.; Capecelatro, A. "Conformal Polymer Nano-Encapsulation of Acid-Catalyzed Sol- Gel Mesoporous Silica Monoliths with Improved Mechanical Properties," J. Non-Cryst.
Solids 2008, 354, 632-644 (in connection with the XI Conference on the Physics of Non-
Crystalline Solids, Rhodes, Greece Oct. 29 to Nov. 2, 2006.)
64. Lu, H.; Boshen, F.; Daphalapurkar, N.; Hanan, J.; Sotiriou-Leventis, C.; Leventis, N. "Simulation of the evolution of the nanostructure of crosslinked silica-aerogels under
compression," Polymer Preprints 2008, 49, 564-565.
63. Leventis, N.; Sotiriou-Leventis, C.; Mulik, S.; Patil, V.; Mohite, D.; Zhang, Y.; Lu, H. "Assemblies of nanoparticles as 3D scaffolds for new materials design: from polymer
crosslinked aerogels to polymer matrix composites," Polymer Preprints 2008, 49, 504-506.
62. Mulik, S.; Sotiriou-Leventis, C.; Leventis, N. "Adhesion enhancement of polymeric films on glass surfaces by a silane derivative of azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN)," Polymer Preprints
2008, 49,498-499.
61. Sadekar, A.; Chandrasekaran, N.; Mulik, S.; Sotiriou-Leventis, C.; Leventis, N. "Photolithographically patterned covalently bonded polythiophene films using in tandem sol-
gel, surface initiated free radical and redox polymerization methods," PMSE Preprints 2008,
98, 583-584.
60. Mulik, S.; Sotiriou-Leventis, C.; Leventis, N. "Preparation of macroporous conductive carbon aerogels from pyrolysis of isocyanate-crosslinked resorcinol formaldehyde aerogels,"
PMSE Preprints 2008, 98, 544-546.
59. Mulik, S.; Sotiriou-Leventis, C.; Leventis, N. "Time-Efficient Acid-Catalyzed Synthesis of Resorcinol-Formaldehyde Aerogels," Chem. Mater. 2007, 19(25), 6138-6144.
58. Leventis, N.; Mulik, S.; Wang, X.; Dass, A.; Sotiriou-Leventis, C.; Lu, H. "Stresses at the Interface of Micro with Nano, " J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2007, 129(35), 10660-10661.
57. Leventis, N.; Mulik, S.; Sotiriou-Leventis, C. "Crosslinking 3D Assemblies of Silica Nanoparticles (Aerogels) by Surface-Initiated Free Radical Polymerization of Styrene and
Methylmethacrylate," Polymer Preprints 2007, 48(1), 950-951.
56. Dass, A.; Mulik, S.; Sotiriou-Leventis, C.; Leventis, N. "Protection of 2-(3-thienyl)ethanol with 3-thienylacetic acid and hard cross-linked conducting films by electropolymerization of
the ester," Synthetic Metals 2006, 156(14-15), 966-972.
55. Mulik, S.; Sotiriou-Leventis, C.; Leventis, N. "Acid-Catalyzed Time-Efficient Synthesis of Resorcinol-Formaldehyde Aerogels and Crosslinking with Isocyanates," Polymer Preprints
2006, 47(2), 364-365.
54. Wang, X.; Mulik, S.; Sotiriou-Leventis, C.; Leventis, N. "Conformal internal coating of macroporous co-continous MCE-silicas with isocyanate derived polymers," Polymer
Preprints 2006, 47(2), 822-823.
53. Zhang, G.; Sotiriou-Leventis, C.; Leventis, N. "Nanoengineered Silica-Polymer Composite Aerogels With No Need for Supercritical Fluid Drying," J. Sol-Gel Science and Technology,
2005, 35(2), 99-105.
52. Mulik, S.; Dass, A.; Sotiriou-Leventis, C.; Leventis, N. "Synthesis and Electropolymerization of 2-(3-Thienylethyl)-3-thiopheneacetate (1)," Polymer Preprints 2005, 46(2), 1308-1309.
51. Yang, J., Dass, A., Sotiriou-Leventis, C; Tyson, D. S.; Leventis, N. "Synthesis and Near IR Photoluminescence of Os(II) Bis(2,2’-bipyridine) (3,8-Diarylethynyl-1,10-phenanthroline)
complexes: Anomalous Behavior of the 3,8-Dinitrophenylethynyl-substituted Homologue,"
Inorg. Chim. Acta 2005, 358(2), 389-395.
50. Leventis, N.; Sotiriou-Leventis, C. "Methods and Compositions for Preparing Silica Aerogels," U.S. Patent Application Publ. 2004, 21 pp, US 2004132846.
49. Sotiriou-Leventis, C.; Yang, J.; Penggao, D.; Leventis, N. "Ru(II) Tris(3,8-dibromo-1,10- Phenanthroline)-A New Versatile Core for the Divergent Synthesis of Hyperbranched
Systems," Synth. Commun. 2004, 34(19), 3491-3496.
48. Leventis, N.; Yang, J.; Fabrizio, E. F.; Rawashdeh, A.-M. M.; Oh, W. S.; Sotiriou-Leventis, C. "Redox-Active Star Molecules Incorporating the 4-Benzoylpyridinium Cation –
Implications for the Charge Transfer Along Branches vs. Across the Perimeter in
Dendrimers," J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2004, 126, 4094-4095.
47. Yang, J.; Dass A.; Rawashdeh, A.-M. M.; Sotiriou-Leventis, C.; Panzner, M. J.; Tyson, D.S.; Kinder, J.D.; Leventis, N. "Arylethynyl Substituted 9,10-Anthraquinones: Tunable Stokes
Shifts by Substitution and Solvent Polarity," Chem. Mater. 2004, 16, 3457-3468.
46. Leventis, N.; Meador, M. A. B.; Zhang, G.; Dass A.; Sotiriou-Leventis, C. "Multiple Substitution Effects and Three-Dimensional Non-Linear Free Energy Relationships in the
Electrochemical Reduction of the N,N´-Dibenzylviologen and the 4-benzoyl-N-
benzylpyridinium Cation," J. Phys. Chem. B 2004, 108(30), 11228-11235.
45. Leventis, N.; Rawashdeh, A.-M. M.; Elder, I. A.; Yang, J.; Dass, A.; Sotiriou-Leventis, C. "Synthesis and Characterization of Ru(II) Tris(1,10-phenanthroline)-Electron Acceptor
Dyads Incorporating the 4-benzoyl-N-methylpyridinium cation or N-Benzyl-N´-methyl-
viologen. Improving the Dynamic Range, Sensitivity and Response Time of Sol-Gel Based
Optical Oxygen Sensors," Chem. Mater. 2004, 16(8), 1493-1506.
44. Zhang, G.; Dass, A.; Rawashdeh, A.-M. M.; Thomas, J.; Counsil, J. A.; Sotiriou-Leventis, C.; Fabrizio, E. F.; Ilhan, U. F.; Vassilaras, P.; Scheiman, D. A.; McCorkle, L.; Palczer, A.;
Johnston, C. J.; Meador, M. A.; Leventis, N. "Isocyanate-Crosslinked Silica Aerogel
Monoliths: Preparation and Characterization," J. Non-Cryst. Solids 2004, 350, 152-164.
43. Bertino, M. F.; Hund, J. F.; Sosa, J.; Zhang, G.; Sotiriou-Leventis, C.; Leventis, N.; Tokuhiro, A. T.; Terry, J. "High Resolution Patterning of Silica Aerogels," J. Non-Cryst.
Solids 2004, 333, 108-110.
42. Bertino, M. F.; Gadipalli, R. R.; Story, J. G.; Williams, C. G.; Zhang, G.; Sotiriou-Leventis, C.; Tokuhiro, A. T.; Guha, S.; Leventis, N. "Laser Writing of Semiconductor Nanoparticles
and Quantum Dots," Appl. Phys. Lett. 2004, 85(24), 6007-6009.
41. Bertino, M. F.; Hund, J. F.; Zhang, G.; Sotiriou-Leventis, C.; Tokuhiro, A. T.; Leventis, N. "Room Temperature Synthesis of Noble Metal Clusters in the Mesopores of Mechanically
Strong Silica-Polymer Aerogel Composites," J. Sol-Gel Science and Technology 2004, 30(1),
43-48.
40. Hund, J. F.; Bertino, M. F.; Zhang, G.; Sotiriou-Leventis, C.; Leventis, N. "Synthesis of Homogeneous Alloy Metal Nanoparticles in Silica Aerogels," J. Non-Cryst. Solids 2004,
350, 9-13.
39. Bertino, M. F.; Hund, J. F.; Sosa, J.; Zhang, G.; Sotiriou-Leventis, C.; Leventis, N.; Tokuhiro, A.; Terry, J. "High Resolution Patterning of Silica Aerogels," J. Non-Cryst. Solids
2004, 333, 108-110.
38. Yang, J.; Oh, W. S.; Elder, I. A.; Leventis, N., Sotiriou-Leventis, C. "Coupling of 3,8- Dibromo-1,10-Phenanthroline with 3,5-Diethynylheptyloxybenzene: A Suzuki/Miyaura
Versus a Sonogashira Perspective," Synth. Commun., 2003, 33, 3317-3325.
37. Leventis, N.; Zhang, G.; Rawashdeh, A.-M. M.; Sotiriou-Leventis C. "Electrochemical Reduction of 4-Benzoyl-N-(4-substituted benzyl)pyridinium Cations: Substitution Effects
and Linear Free Energy Relationships," Electrochimica Acta, 2003, 48, 2799-2806.
36. Hund, J. F.; Bertino, M. F.; Zhang, G.; Sotiriou-Leventis, C.; Leventis, N.; Tokuhiro, A. T.; Farmer, J. "Formation and Entrapment of Noble Metal Clusters in Silica Aerogel Monoliths
by γ-Radiolysis," J. Phys. Chem. B 2003, 107(2) 465-469.
35. Hund, J. F.; Bertino, M. F.; Zhang, G.; Sotiriou-Leventis, C.; Leventis, N.; Tokuhiro, A. T.; Farmer, J. “Synthesis of Aerogel-Metal Cluster Composites by Gamma Radiolysis,” Mater.
Res. Soc. Symp. Proc. 2003, 740, I11.2.
34. Zhang, G.; Rawashdeh, A.-M. M.; Sotiriou-Leventis, C.; Leventis, N. “Isocyanate cross- linked silica: Structurally strong aerogels,” Polymer Preprints 2003, 44(1), 35-36.
33. Leventis, N.; Sotiriou-Leventis, C.; Zhang, G.; Rawashdeh, A.-M. M. "Nanoengineering Strong Silica Aerogels," Nano Lett. 2002, 2(9), 957-960.
32. Leventis, N.; A. M. Rawashdeh, A.-M. M.; Zhang, G.; Elder, I. A.; Sotiriou-Leventis, C. "Tuning the Redox Chemistry of 4-Benzoyl-N-methylpyridinium Cations through Para-
Substitution. Hammett Linear Free Energy Relationships and the Relative Aptitude of the
Two-Electron Reduced Forms for H-Bonding.," J. Org. Chem. 2002, 67(21), 7501-7510.
31. Sotiriou-Leventis, C.; Rawashdeh, A.-M. M.; Oh, W. S.; Leventis, N. "Synthesis and Spectroscopic Properties of the Elusive 3a,9a-Diazaperylenium Dication," Org. Lett. 2002,
4(23), 4113-4116.
30. Bohannan, E. W.; Gao, X.; Gaston, K. R.; Doss, C. D.; Sotiriou-Leventis, C.; Leventis, N. "Photolithographic Patterning and Doping of Silica Xerogel Films," J. Sol-Gel Science and
Technology 2002, 23(3), 235-245.
29. Rawashdeh, A.-M. M.; Sotiriou-Leventis, C.; Gao, X.; Leventis, N. "One-step synthesis and redox properties of dodecahydro-3a,9a-diazaperylene – the most easily oxidized p-
phenylene-diamine," Chem. Commun. 2001, 1742-1743.
28. Collins, C. M.; Leventis, N.; Sotiriou-Leventis, C. "Relative Reactivity of Vitamin A versus a Mixture of β−Carotene Geometric Isomers with Electrochemically Generated Superoxide
and Hydroperoxyl Radicals," Electrochimica Acta 2001, 47(4), 567-576.
27. Leventis, N.; Elder, I. A.; Gao, X.; Bohannan, E. W.; Sotiriou-Leventis, C.; Rawashdeh, A.- M. M.; Overschmidt, T. J.; Gaston, K. R. "The Redox Chemistry of 4-benzoyl-N-
Methylpyridinium Cations in Acetonitrile with and without Proton Donors; The Role of
Hydrogen Bonding," J. Phys. Chem. B 2001, 105 (17), 3663-3674.
26. Fataftah, Z. A.; Rawashdeh, A. M.; Sotiriou-Leventis, C. "Synthesis and Hydrolytic Stability of tert-Butoxydimethylsilyl Enol Ethers," Synth. Commun. 2001, 31(15), 2379-2389.
25. Sotiriou-Leventis, C.; Chang, C. K. "A Kinetic Study of CO and O Binding to Horse Heart Myoglobin Reconstituted with Synthetic Iron Chlorin Green Hemes," Inorg. Chim. Acta,
2000, 311(1-2), 113-118.
24. Sotiriou-Leventis, C.; Mao, Z.; Rawashdeh, A.-M. M. "A Convenient Synthesis and Spectroscopic Characterization of N,N'-Bis(2-Propenyl)-2,7-Diazapyrenium Quaternary
Salts," J. Org. Chem. 2000, 65(19), 6017-6023.
23. Sotiriou-Leventis, C.; Mao, Z. "A Facile Synthesis of 2,7-Diazapyrene," J. Heterocyclic Chem. 2000, 37, 1665-1667.
22. Collins, C. M.; Sotiriou-Leventis, C.; Canalas, M. T.; Leventis, N. "A Cyclic Voltammetric Study of the Proton Abstraction from Selected Aromatic Ketones by Superoxide,"
Electrochimica Acta 2000, 45(13), 2049-2059.
21. Leventis, N.; Chen, M.; Sotiriou-Leventis, C. "Synthesis of Substituted Phenothiazines Analogous to Methylene Blue by Electrophilic and Nucleophilic Aromatic Substitutions in
Tandem. A Mechanistic Perspective," Tetrahedron 1997, 53, 10083-10092, invited article.
20. Leventis, N.; Sotiriou-Leventis, C.; Chen, M.; Jain, A. "Electrochemical Evidence for the Affinity of n-Alkyl Sulfonate Group-Modified Viologens to Gold," J. Electrochem. Soc.
1997, 144, L305-L308.
19. Law, S.-Y.; Sotiriou-Leventis, C.; Natrajan, A.; Jiang, Q.; Connolly, P. B.; Kilroy, J. P.; McCudden, C. M.; Tirrell, S. M. "Functionalized Hydrophilic Acridinium Esters," U.S. Patent 5,656,426, Aug. 12, 1997. 18. Leventis, N.; Hanna, S. B.; Sotiriou-Leventis, C. "A Three-Dimensional Energy Surface for the Conformational Inversion of Cyclohexane," J. Chem. Ed. 1997, 74, 813-814.
17. Sotiriou-Leventis, C.; Hanna, S. B.; Leventis, N. "Relative Stabilities and Reactivities of Isolated vs. Conjugated Alkenes; Reconciliation via a Molecular Orbital Approach," J. Chem.
Ed. 1996, 73, 295-298.
16. Law, S.-Y.; Sotiriou-Leventis, C.; Natrajan, A.; Jiang, Q.; Connolly, P. B.; Kilroy, J. P.; McCudden, C. M.; Tirrell, S. M. "Novel Functionalized Hydrophilic Acridinium Esters,"
PCTInt. Appl. 1995, 71 pp.
15. Doering, W. v. E.; Sotiriou-Leventis, C.; Roth, W. R. "Thermal Interconversions among 15- cis-, 13-cis-, and all-trans-β-Carotenes: Kinetics, Arrhenius Parameters, Thermochemistry
and Potential Relevance to Anticarcinogenicity of all-trans−β-Carotene" J. Am. Chem. Soc.
1995, 117, 2747-2757.
14. Li, W.; Sotiriou-Leventis, C.; Saha, M. P.; Fu, P.; Giese, R. W. "Superoxide Oxidation of Aromatic Alcohols, Ketones and Quinones", Synth. Commun. 1993, 23, 97-105.
13. Li, W.; Sotiriou-Leventis, C.; Abdel-Baky, S.; Fischer, D.; Giese, R. W. "Superoxide Chemical Transformation of Diolepoxide Polyaromatic Hydrocarbon DNA Adducts:
Determination of Benzo[a]pyrene-r-7,t-8,9,c-10-tetrahydrotetrol by Gas Chromatography," J.
Chromatogr. 1991, 588, 273-280.
12. Abdel Baky, S.; Sotiriou-Leventis, C.; Giese, R. W. "Superoxide Oxidation of 1- Nitropyrene-cis-Dihydrodiols," Tetrahedron 1991, 47, 5667-5672.
11. Sotiriou, C.; Li, W.; Giese, R. W. "Superoxide Oxidation: A Novel Route to Aromatic 1,2- Dicarboxylic Acids," J. Org. Chem. 1990, 55, 2159-2164.
10. Chang, C. K.; Sotiriou, C.; Wu, W. "Synthetic Approaches to Long-Wavelength Absorbing Photosensitizers: Porphyrinone and Derivatives" in Progress in Biomedical Optics; T. J. Dougherty, A. Katzir, Eds. SPIE, Bellingham, WA, vol. 1203, 1990, p.281-286. 9. Martinis, S. A.; Sotiriou, C.; Chang, C. K.; Sligar, S. G. "Characterization of Cytochrome b Reconstituted with a Ferric Chlorin and a Ferric Oxochlorin," Biochemistry 1989, 28, 879-
884.
8. Sotiriou, C.; Chang, C. K. “Synthesis of ‘Lactochlorin,’ the Heme d Prosthetic Group of Bacterial Terminal Oxidases,” J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1988, 110, 2264-2270.
7. Sotiriou, C. "Synthesis and Properties of Heme d-, d - and Sulfur Containing Green Hemes," Ph.D. Dissertation, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 1987. 6. Chang, C. K.; Sotiriou, C. "A Novel Method of Functionalizing the Ethyl Chain of Octaethylporphyrin," J. Org. Chem. 1987, 52, 926-929.
5. Anderson, L. A.; Loehr, T. M.; Sotiriou, C.; Chang, C. K. "Facile Lactonization and Inversion of vic-Diols in Heme d- type Chlorins: A Spectroscopic Study," J. Am. Chem. Soc.
1987, 109, 258-264.
4. Chang, C. K.; Sotiriou, C.; Wu, W. "Differentiation of Bacteriochlorin and Iso- bacteriochlorin Formation by Metallation. High Yield Synthesis of 1,3-Porphyrindiones via
OsO Oxidation," J. Chem. Soc. Chem. Commun. 1986, 15, 1213-1215.
3. Anderson, L. A.; Loehr, T. M.; Sotiriou, C.; Chang, C. K. "Resonance Raman Spectroscopy of Metallochlorins, II. Properties of Meso-Substituted Systems," J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1986,
108, 2908-2916.
2. Chang, C. K.; Sotiriou, C. "Migratory Aptitudes in Pinacol Rearrangement of vic- Dihydroxychlorins," J. Heterocyclic Chem. 1985, 22, 1739-1741.
1. Chang, C. K.; Sotiriou, C. "C-Hydroxy and C-Methyl Chlorins. A Convenient Route to Heme d and Bonellin Models," J. Org. Chem. 1985, 50, 4989-4991.

PRESENTATIONS (1995-Present)
49. "Adhesion enhancement of polymeric films on glass surfaces by silane derivatives of
azobisisobutyronitrile," S. Mulik, C. Sotiriou-Leventis, N. Leventis, 236th ACS National Meeting, Philadelphia, PA, August 17-21, 2008. 48. "Compressive behavior of crosslinked mesoporous silica aerogels at high strain rates," H. Lu, H. Luo, S. Mulik, C. Sotiriou-Leventis, N. Leventis, 236th ACS National Meeting, Philadelphia, PA, August 17-21, 2008. 47. "Assemblies of nanoparticles as 3-D scaffolds for new materials design: From polymer crosslinked aerogels to polymer matrix composites," N. Leventis, C. Sotiriou-Leventis, S. Mulik, V. Patil, D. Mohite, Y. Zhang, H. Lu, 236th ACS National Meeting, Philadelphia, PA, August 17-21, 2008. 46. "Host-guest Interactions of Cucurbit[7]uril with N-quaternized-4-(p-substituted benzoyl) pyridinium Cations and Control of the Ketone to gem-Diol Equilibrium," A. Thangavel, C. Sotiriou-Leventis, N. Leventis, 235th ACS National Meeting, New Orleans, LA, April 6-10, 2008. 45. "Preparation of High-Porosity High-Conductivity Carbon Aerogels from Crosslinked Resorcinol Formaldehyde Aerogels," S. Mulik, C. Sotiriou-Leventis, N. Leventis, 235th ACS National Meeting, New Orleans, LA, April 6-10, 2008. 44. "Photolithographically Patterned Covalently Bonded Polythiophene Films Using in Tandem Sol-gel, Surface Initiated Free Radical and Redox Polymerization Methods," A. Sadekar, N. Chandrasekaran, S. Mulik, C. Sotiriou-Leventis, N. Leventis, 235th ACS National Meeting, New Orleans, LA, April 6-10, 2008. 43. "Host-guest Interactions of Cucurbit[7]uril with N-quaternized-4-(p-substituted benzoyl) pyridinium Cations and Control of the Ketone to gem-Diol Equilibrium," A. Thangavel, C. Sotiriou-Leventis, N. Leventis, 21st Annual Organic Chemistry Day, UM Columbia, April 5, 2008. 42. "Preparation of High-Porosity High-Conductivity Carbon Aerogels from Crosslinked Resorcinol Formaldehyde Aerogels," S. Mulik, C. Sotiriou-Leventis, N. Leventis, 21st Annual Organic Chemistry Day, UM Columbia, April 5, 2008. 41. "Photolithographically Patterned Covalently Bonded Polythiophene Films Using in Tandem Sol-gel, Surface Initiated Free Radical and Redox Polymerization Methods," A. Sadekar, N. Chandrasekaran, S. Mulik, C. Sotiriou-Leventis, N. Leventis, 21st Annual Organic Chemistry Day, UM Columbia, April 5, 2008. 40. "Conformal Polymer Nano-Encapsulation of Templated Acid-Catalyzed Sol-Gel Mesoporous Silica Monoliths and Vastly Improved Mechanical Properties, " N. Leventis, S. Mulik, X. Wang, C. Sotiriou-Leventis, H. Lu, G. Churu, A. Capecelatro, XIV International Sol-Gel Conference, Montpellier, France, September 2-7, 2007. (Best Poster Award.) 39. "Crosslinking 3D Assemblies of Silica Nanoparticles (Aerogels) by Surface-Initiated Free Radical Polymerization of Styrene and Methylmethacrylate," N. Leventis, S. Mulik, C. Sotiriou-Leventis, 20th Annual Organic Chemistry Day, UM Columbia, April 28, 2007. 38. "Crosslinking 3D Assemblies of Silica Nanoparticles (Aerogels) by Surface-Initiated Free Radical Polymerization of Styrene and Methylmethacrylate, " N. Leventis, S. Mulik, C. Sotiriou-Leventis, 233rd ACS National Meeting, Chicago, IL, March 27, 2007 (POLY-396). 37. "Conformal Internal Coating of Macroporous Co-continous MCF-silicas with Isocyanate Derived Polymers," X. Wang, S. Mulik, C. Sotiriou-Leventis, N. Leventis, 232nd ACS National Meeting, San Francisco, CA, Sept. 12, 2006 (POLY-477; Nanoparticles and Microparticles). 36. "Conformal Internal Coating of Macroporous Co-continous MCF-silicas with Isocyanate Derived Polymers," X. Wang, S. Mulik, C. Sotiriou-Leventis, N. Leventis, 232nd ACS National Meeting, San Francisco, CA, September 11, 2006 (Sci-Mix-477). 35. "Acid-Catalyzed Time-Efficient Synthesis of Resorcinol-Formaldehyde Aerogels and Crosslinking with Isocyanates," S. Mulik, C. Sotiriou-Leventis, N. Leventis, 232nd ACS National Meeting, San Francisco, CA, September 10, 2006 (POLY-35; Polymers in Nanotechnology). 34. "Protection of 2-(3-Thienyl)ethanol with 3-Thienylacetic Acid and Functional Films by Electropolymerization of the Ester" S. Mulik, A. Dass, C. Sotiriou-Leventis, N. Leventis, 40th Midwest Regional ACS Meeting, Joplin, MO, Oct. 26-28, 2005 (POLY 99). 33. "Synthesis and electropolymerization of 2-(3-thienylethyl)-3-thiopheneacetate (1)," S. Mulik,
A. Dass, C. Sotiriou-Leventis, N. Leventis, 230th National ACS Meeting, Washington, DC, Aug. 28-Sept. 1, 2005 (POLY 604 / Sci Mix). 32. "Aspects of Bioorganic and Materials Chemistry" C. Sotiriou-Leventis, Cleveland State University, Cleveland, OH, April 22, 2005. 31. "Redox-Active Star Molecules Incorporating the 4-Benzoylpyridinium Cation: Implications for the Charge Transfer Efficiency along Branches vs. Across the Perimeter in Dendrimers," J. Yang, A.-M. M. Rawashdeh, W. S. Oh, C. Sotiriou-Leventis, N. Leventis, 17th Annual Organic Chemistry Day, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, MO, April 24, 2004 (ORGN 34). 30. "Synthesis and Photoluminescent Properties of Arylethynyl Substituted 9,10- anthraquinones," J. Yang, A. Dass, C. Sotiriou-Leventis, N. Leventis, 17th Annual Organic Chemistry Day, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, MO, April 24, 2004 (ORGN 22). 29. "Silica Aerogels Doped with Ru(II) Tris(1,10-phenanthroline)-Electron Acceptor Dyads: Improving the Dynamic Range, Sensitivity and Response Time of Sol-Gel Based Oxygen Sensors," N. Leventis, A.-M. M. Rawashdeh, I. A. Elder, J. Yang, A. Dass, C. Sotiriou-Leventis, 17th Annual Organic Chemistry Day, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, MO, April 24, 2004 (ORGN 17). 28. "Redox-Active Star Molecules Incorporating the 4-Benzoylpyridinium Cation: Implications for the Charge Transfer Efficiency along Branches vs. Across the Perimeter in Dendrimers," J. Yang, A.-M. M. Rawashdeh, W. S. Oh, C. Sotiriou-Leventis, N. Leventis, 227th National ACS Meeting, Anaheim, CA, March 28-April 1, 2004 (ORGN 320 / Sci Mix). 27. "Synthesis and Photoluminescent Properties of Arylethynyl Substituted 9,10- anthraquinones," J. Yang, A. Dass, C. Sotiriou-Leventis, N. Leventis, 227th National ACS Meeting, Anaheim, CA, March 28-April 1, 2004 (ORGN 321). 24. "Silica Aerogels Doped with Ru(II) Tris(1,10-phenanthroline)-Electron Acceptor Dyads: Improving the Dynamic Range, Sensitivity and Response Time of Sol-Gel Based Oxygen Sensors," N. Leventis, A.-M. M. Rawashdeh, I. A. Elder, J. Yang, A. Dass, C. Sotiriou-Leventis, 227th National ACS Meeting, Anaheim, CA, March 28-April 1, 2004 (COLL 227). 25. "Charge Propagation in Star Molecules as Models of Dendritic Systems," Abdel M. Rawashdeh, J. Yang, C. Sotiriou-Leventis, and N. Leventis, 16th Annual Organic Chemistry Day, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, MO, April 26, 2003 (ORGN 10). 24. "Isocyanate Cross-Linked Silica: Structurally Strong Aerogels," G. Zhang, A.-M. M. Rawashdeh, C. Sotiriou-Leventis and N. Leventis, 225th ACS Meeting, New Orleans, LA, March 24, 2003 (POLY 332). 23. "Synthesis of Aerogel-Metal Cluster Composites by Gamma Radiolysis," J. F. Hund, M. F. Bertino, G. Zhang, C, Sotiriou-Leventis, N. Leventis, A. T. Tokuhiro, and J. Farmer, 2002 MRS Fall Meeting, Boston, MA, December 2-6, 2002 (Paper No. 54706). (Appeared in print in the Mat. Res. Soc. Proc. 2003). 22. "Evaluation of β-Carotene Geometric Isomers Against Radiation Induced Oxidative Stress," N. Aykin-Burns, A. M. M. Rawashdeh, C. Sotiriou-Leventis, and N. Ercal, 9th Annual meeting of The Oxygen Society, San Antonio, TX, November 20-24, 2002 (55). 21. "Redox Chemistry of the p-Substituted-4-Benzoyl-N-Methylpyridinium Cation," N. Leventis; A.-M. M. Rawashdeh, G. Zhang, I. A. Elder, and C. Sotiriou-Leventis, 223rd ACS National Meeting, Orlando, FL, April 7-11, 2002 (ORGN 016). 20. "One-Step Synthesis and Redox Properties of Dodecahydro-3a,9a-Diazaperylene – The most Easily Oxidized p-phenylenediamine, Used As An Efficient Electron-Transfer Quencher of [Ru(bipy) ]2+ and as a Precursor of 3a,9a-Diazaperylene," A.-M. M. Rawashdeh, C. Sotiriou- Leventis, X. Gao, X.; W. S. Oh, and N. Leventis, 223rd ACS National Meeting, Orlando, FL, April 7-11, 2002 (ORGN 149). 19. "Excited State Localization in [Ru(Bidentate Ligand) ]2+ Complexes, and its Effect on the Quenching Rates of the MLCT - Excited States by Electron Donors and Acceptors," A.-M. M. Rawashdeh, X. Gao, I. A. Elder, N. Leventis, and C. Sotiriou-Leventis, 223rd ACS National Meeting, Orlando, FL, April 7-11, 2002 (ORGN 328). 18. "The Chemistry is in the News," University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, MO, September 21-23, 2001, C. Sotiriou-Leventis, invited participant. 17. "The Redox Chemistry of 4-Benzoyl-N-Methylpyridinium Cations in Acetonitrile with and without Proton Donors; the Role of Hydrogen Bonding," N. Leventis, I. A. Elder, X. Gao, E. W. Bohannan, C. Sotiriou-Leventis, A. M. Rawashdeh, T. J. Overschmidt, and K. R. Gaston, 14th Annual Organic Chemistry Day, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, MO, April 28, 2001 (ORGN 24). 16. "Excited State Localization in [Ru(Bidentate Ligand) ]2+ Complexes, and its Effect on the Quenching Rates of the MLCT- Excited States by Electron Donors and Acceptors," A. M. Rawashdeh, Xuerong Gao, I. A. Elder, N. Leventis, and C. Sotiriou-Leventis, 14th Annual Organic Chemistry Day, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, MO, April 28, 2001 (ORGN 20). 15. "Synthesis and Spectroscopic Characterization of 2,7-Diazapyrenium Compounds," C. Sotiriou-Leventis, Z. Mao, and A.M. Rawashdeh, 35th Midwest Regional ACS meeting, St. Louis, MO, Oct. 25-28, 2000 (ORGN 158). 14. "Rehm-Weller Relationships Between the Quenching Constants of Ruthenium Complexes with a Series of Single Electron Transfer Quenchers," A. M. Rawashdeh, X. Gao, I. A. Elder, N. Leventis, and C. Sotiriou-Leventis, 35th Midwest Regional ACS meeting, St. Louis, MO, Oct. 25-28, 2000 (INOR 254). 13. "Synthesis and Electrochemical Characterization of N-Methyl-4-Benzoylpyridinium Salts as Viologen Analogues," N. Leventis, I. A. Elder, X. Gao, C. Sotiriou-Leventis, and A. M. Rawashdeh, 35th Midwest Regional ACS meeting, St. Louis, MO, Oct. 25-28, 2000 (ORGN 159). 12. "Photolithographic Patterning of Silica Xerogel Films on Glass," X. Gao, K. Gaston, N. Leventis, and C. Sotiriou-Leventis, 35th Midwest Regional ACS meeting, St. Louis, MO, Oct. 25-28, 2000 (SURF 314). 11. "A Convenient Synthesis of N,N’-Bis(2-propenyl)-2,7-Diazapyrenium Quaternary Salts," C. Sotiriou-Leventis and Z. Mao, 13th Annual Organic Chemistry Day, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, MO, April 22, 2000 (ORGN 1). 10. "Evaluation of β-Carotene Isomers and Retinol as Radical Traps," C. Sotiriou-Leventis, C. M. Collins, and A. M. Rawashdeh, 219th ACS National Meeting, San Francisco, CA, March 26-30, 2000 (ORGN 461). 9. "A Convenient Synthesis of N,N’-Bis(2-propenyl)-2,7-Diazapyrenium Quaternary Salts, C. Sotiriou-Leventis and Z. Mao, 219th ACS National Meeting, San Francisco, CA, March 26-30, 2000 (ORGN 373). 8. "Relative Reactivities of β-Carotene Isomers and Retinol with Superoxide and Hydroperoxyl Radicals," C. Sotiriou-Leventis and C. M. Collins, 33rd ACS Midwest Regional Meeting, Broadview Hotel, Wichita, KS, November 5, 1998 (ORGN 200). 7. "Relative Reactivities of a Mixture of β-Carotene Isomers and Retinol with Superoxide and Hydroperoxyl Radicals," C. M. Collins and C. Sotiriou-Leventis, 216th National ACS
Meeting, Boston, August 24, 1998 (CHED 275). C. M. Collins received one of the ten
prestigious national ACS travel awards ($1,000) given to undergraduate students
conducting research in organic chemistry to present this work.
6. "Thermochemistry of β-Carotene as a means of Probing the Mechanism of its Anticarcinogenicity," C. Sotiriou-Leventis, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus, May 28, 1998, invited. 5. "Electrochemical Study of the Reaction of Superoxide with Ketones," M. T. Canalas, C. Sotiriou-Leventis, and N. Leventis, 32nd ACS Midwest Regional Meeting, Tan-Tar-A Resort, Osage Beach, MO, October 31, 1997 (Analytical and Bioanalytical, Paper No. 37). 4. "Electrochemical Evidence for the Affinity of n-Alkyl Sulfonate Group-Modified Viologens to Gold," N. Leventis, C. Sotiriou-Leventis, M. Chen, and A. Jain, 214th ACS National Meeting, Las Vegas, NV, September 9, 1997 (COLL 83). 3. "Electrochemical Study of the Acid/Base-Type Reaction of Superoxide with Ketones," C. Sotiriou-Leventis, N. Leventis, M. Canalas, 213th ACS National Meeting, San Francisco, CA, April 13, 1997 (ANYL 75). 2. "Aspects of Bioorganic Chemistry," C. Sotiriou-Leventis, University of Missouri-Kansas 1. "Aspects of Bioorganic Chemistry," C. Sotiriou-Leventis, University of Missouri-Rolla, October 6, 1995, invited (Homecoming).

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