Controlled substance

Title 21 United States Code (USC)
Controlled Substances Act
Section 812. Schedules of Controlled Substances
There are established five schedules of controlled substances, to be known as schedules I, II, III, IV, and V. Such schedules shall initially consist of the substances listed in this section. The schedules established by this section shall be updated and republished on a semiannual basis during the two-year period beginning one year after October 27, 1970, and shall be updated and republished on an annual basis thereafter. (b) Placement on schedules; findings required Except where control is required by United States obligations under an international treaty, convention, or protocol, in effect on October 27, 1970, and except in the case of an immediate precursor, a drug or other substance may not be placed in any schedule unless the findings required for such schedule are made with respect to such drug or other substance. The findings required for each of the schedules are as follows: (1) Schedule I.--
(A) The drug or other substance has a high potential for abuse. (B) The drug or other substance has no currently accepted medical use in treatment in the United States. (C) There is a lack of accepted safety for use of the drug or other substance under medical supervision. (2) Schedule II.--
(A) The drug or other substance has a high potential for abuse. (B) The drug or other substance has a currently accepted medical use in treatment in the United States or a currently accepted medical use with severe restrictions. (C) Abuse of the drug or other substances may lead to severe psychological or physical dependence. (3) Schedule III.--
(A) The drug or other substance has a potential for abuse less than the drugs or other substances in (B) The drug or other substance has a currently accepted medical use in treatment in the United States. (C) Abuse of the drug or other substance may lead to moderate or low physical dependence or high (4) Schedule IV.--
(A) The drug or other substance has a low potential for abuse relative to the drugs or other substances in (B) The drug or other substance has a currently accepted medical use in treatment in the United States. (C) Abuse of the drug or other substance may lead to limited physical dependence or psychological dependence relative to the drugs or other substances in schedule III. (5) Schedule V.--
(A) The drug or other substance has a low potential for abuse relative to the drugs or other substances in (B) The drug or other substance has a currently accepted medical use in treatment in the United States. (C) Abuse of the drug or other substance may lead to limited physical dependence or psychological dependence relative to the drugs or other substances in schedule IV. (c) Initial schedules of controlled substances Schedules I, II, III, IV, and V shall, unless and until amended \1\ pursuant to section 811 of this title, consist of the
following drugs or other substances, by whatever official name, common or usual name, chemical name, or brand name
designated:
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ \1\ Revised schedules are published in the Code of Federal Regulations, Part 1308 of Title 21, Food and Drugs. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Schedule I
(a) Unless specifically excepted or unless listed in another schedule, any of the following opiates, including their isomers, esters, ethers, salts, and salts of isomers, esters, and ethers, whenever the existence of such isomers, esters, ethers, and salts is possible within the specific chemical designation: --------------------------------------------- \2\ So in original. Probably should be "Alphacetylmethadol." ----------------------------------------- (b) Unless specifically excepted or unless listed in another schedule, any of the following opium derivatives, their salts, isomers, and salts of isomers whenever the existence of such salts, isomers, and salts of isomers is possible within the specific chemical designation: (c) Unless specifically excepted or unless listed in another schedule, any material, compound, mixture, or preparation, which contains any quantity of the following hallucinogenic substances, or which contains any of their salts, isomers, and salts of isomers whenever the existence of such salts, isomers, and salts of isomers is possible within the specific chemical designation: Schedule II
(a) Unless specifically excepted or unless listed in another schedule, any of the following substances whether produced directly or indirectly by extraction from substances of vegetable origin, or independently by means of chemical synthesis, or by a combination of extraction and chemical synthesis: (1) Opium and opiate, and any salt, compound, derivative, or preparation of opium or opiate. (2) Any salt, compound, derivative, or preparation thereof which is chemically equivalent or identical with any of the substances referred to in clause (1), except that these substances shall not include the isoquinoline alkaloids of opium. (4) coca \3\ leaves, except coca leaves and extracts of coca leaves from which cocaine, ecgonine, and derivatives of ecgonine or their salts have been removed; cocaine, its salts, optical and geometric isomers, and salts of isomers; ecgonine, its derivatives, their salts, isomers, and salts of isomers; or any compound, mixture, or preparation which contains any quantity of any of the substances referred to in this paragraph. ------------------------------------------------------------- \3\ So in original. Probably should be capitalized. ------------------------------------------------------------- (b) Unless specifically excepted or unless listed in another schedule, any of the following opiates, including their isomers, esters, ethers, salts, and salts of isomers, esters and ethers, whenever the existence of such isomers, esters, ethers, and salts is possible within the specific chemical designation: 3-morpholino-1, 1- diphenylpropane-carboxylic acid. (c) Unless specifically excepted or unless listed in another schedule, any injectable liquid which contains any quantity of methamphetamine, including its salts, isomers, and salts of isomers. Schedule III
(a) Unless specifically excepted or unless listed in another schedule, any material, compound, mixture, or preparation which contains any quantity of the following substances having a stimulant effect on the central nervous system: (1) Amphetamine, its salts, optical isomers, and salts of its optical isomers. (3) Any substance (except an injectable liquid) which contains any quantity of methamphetamine, including its salts, isomers, and salts of isomers. (b) Unless specifically excepted or unless listed in another schedule, any material, compound, mixture, or preparation which contains any quantity of the following substances having a depressant effect on the central nervous system: quantity of a derivative of barbituric acid, or any salt of a derivative of (d) Unless specifically excepted or unless listed in another schedule, any material, compound, mixture, or preparation containing limited quantities of any of the following narcotic drugs, or any salts thereof: (1) Not more than 1.8 grams of codeine per 100 milliliters or not more than 90 milligrams per dosage unit, with an equal or greater quantity of an isoquinoline alkaloid of opium. (2) Not more than 1.8 grams of codeine per 100 milliliters or not more than 90 milligrams per dosage unit, with one or more active, non-narcotic ingredients in recognized therapeutic amounts. (3) Not more than 300 milligrams of dihydrocodeinone per 100 milliliters or not more than 15 milligrams per dosage unit, with a fourfold or greater quantity of an isoquinoline alkaloid of opium. (4) Not more than 300 milligrams of dihydrocodeinone per 100 milliliters or not more than 15 milligrams per dosage unit, with one or more active, nonnarcotic ingredients in recognized therapeutic amounts. (5) Not more than 1.8 grams of dihydrocodeine per 100 milliliters or not more than 90 milligrams per dosage unit, with one or more active, nonnarcotic ingredients in recognized therapeutic amounts. (6) Not more than 300 milligrams of ethylmorphine per 100 milliliters or not more than 15 milligrams per dosage unit, with one or more active, nonnarcotic ingredients in recognized therapeutic amounts. (7) Not more than 500 milligrams of opium per 100 milliliters or per 100 grams, or not more than 25 milligrams per dosage unit, with one or more active, nonnarcotic ingredients in recognized therapeutic amounts. (8) Not more than 50 milligrams of morphine per 100 milliliters or per 100 grams with one or more active, nonnarcotic ingredients in recognized therapeutic amounts. Schedule IV
Schedule V
Any compound, mixture, or preparation containing any of the following limited quantities of narcotic drugs, which shall include one or more nonnarcotic active medicinal ingredients in sufficient proportion to confer upon the compound, mixture, or preparation valuable medicinal qualities other than those possessed by the narcotic drug alone: (1) Not more than 200 milligrams of codeine per 100 milliliters or per 100 grams. (2) Not more than 100 milligrams of dihydrocodeine per 100 milliliters or per 100 grams. (3) Not more than 100 milligrams of ethylmorphine per 100 milliliters or per 100 grams. (4) Not more than 2.5 milligrams of diphenoxylate and not less than 25 micrograms of atropine sulfate per (5) Not more than 100 milligrams of opium per 100 milliliters or per 100 grams. (Pub. L. 91-513, title II, Sec. 202, Oct. 27, 1970, 84 Stat. 1247; Pub. L. 95-633, title I, Sec. 103, Nov. 10, 1978, 92 Stat. 3772; Pub. L. 98- 473, title II, Secs. 507(c), 509(b), Oct. 12, 1984, 98 Stat. 2071, 2072; Pub. L. 99-570, title I, Sec. 1867, Oct. 27, 1986, 100 Stat. 3207- 55; Pub. L. 99-646, Sec. 84, Nov. 10, 1986, 100 Stat. 3619; Pub. L. 101- 647, title XIX, Sec. 1902(a), Nov. 29, 1990, 104 Stat. 4851.) Amendments
1990--Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 101-647 added item (e) at end of schedule III. 1986--Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 99-646 amended schedule II(a)(4) generally. Prior to amendment, schedule II(a)(4) read as follows: "Coca leaves (except coca leaves and extracts of coca leaves from which cocaine, ecgonine, and derivatives of ecgonine or their salts have been removed); cocaine, its salts, optical and geometric isomers, and salts of isomers; and ecgonine, its derivatives, their salts, isomers, and salts of isomers." Pub. L. 99-570 amended schedule II(a)(4) generally. Prior to amendment, schedule II(a)(4) read as follows: "Coca leaves and any salt, compound, derivative, or preparation of coca leaves (including cocaine and ecgonine and their salts, isomers, derivatives, and salts of isomers and derivatives), and any salt, compound, derivative, or preparation thereof which is chemically equivalent or identical with any of these substances, except that the substances shall not include decocainized coca leaves or extraction of coca leaves, which extractions do not contain cocaine or ecgonine." 1984--Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 98-473, Sec. 507(c), in schedule II(a)(4) added applicability to cocaine and ecgonine and their salts, isomers, etc. Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 98-473, Sec. 509(b), struck out subsec. (d) which related to authority of Attorney General to except stimulants or depressants containing active medicinal ingredients. 1978--Subsec. (d)(3). Pub. L. 95-633 added cl. (3). Effective Date of 1990 Amendment
Amendment by Pub. L. 101-647 effective 90 days after Nov. 29, 1990, see section 1902(d) of Pub. L. 101-647, set out as a note under section 802 of this title. Effective Date of 1978 Amendment
Amendment by Pub. L. 95-633 effective on date the Convention on Psychotropic Substances enters into force in the United States [July 15, 1980], see section 112 of Pub. L. 95-633, set out as an Effective Date note under section 801a of this title. NOTICE: This is an unofficial version. An official version of this publication may be obtained directly from the Government Printing Office (GPO). From the U.S. Code Online via GPO Access [www.gpoaccess.gov] [Laws in effect as of January 3, 2007] [CITE: 21USC812]

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