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Anti-staphylococcal activity of ent-kaurane-type diterpenoids from Giang P.M., Son P.T., Matsunami K., Otsuka H. Faculty of Chemistry, College of Natural Science, Vietnam National University, 19 Le Thanh Tong, Hanoi, Viet Nam; Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Abstract: Ent-kaurane-type diterpenpoids 1-11, isolated from the dried leaves of the endemic Vietnamese medicinal plant Croton tonkinensis Gagnep. (Euphorbiaceae), were evaluated for inhibitory activity against Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) strains. The most active diterpenoids, 2, 3, and 8, exhibited minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 32, 500, and 125 μg/ml, respectively, against MRSA strains. 2005 The Japanese Society of Pharmacognosy and Springer. Author Keywords: Croton tonkinensis; Diterpenoid; Ent-kaurane; Euphorbiaceae; MRSA; Staphylococcus Index Keywords: diterpenoid; ent 11alpha acetoxyhydroxykaur 16 en 18 oic acid; ent 15alpha,18 dihydroxykaur 16 ene; ent 18 acetoxy 11apha hydroxykaur 16 en 15 one; ent 18 acetoxy 14apha hydroxykaur 16 en 15 one; ent 18 acetoxy 7beta hydroxykaur 15 one; ent 18 acetoxy 7beta hydroxykaur 16 en 15 one; ent 18 acetoxy 7beta,14alpha dihydroxykaur 16 en 15 one; ent 1alpha acetoxy 7beta,14alpha dihydroxykaur 16 en 15 one; ent 1alpha,14alpha diacetoxy 7beta hydroxykaur 16 en 15 one; ent 1alpha,7beta diacetoxy 14alpha hydroxykaur 16 en 15 one; ent 7beta acetoxy 11apha hydroxykaur 16 en 15 one; kaurene derivative; penicillin G; streptomycin; tetracycline; unclassified drug; antibacterial activity; article; bacterial strain; controlled study; Croton; Croton tonkinensis; drug activity; drug inhibition; drug isolation; Euphorbia; methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus; minimum inhibitory concentration; nonhuman; plant leaf; Staphylococcus aureus Source title: Journal of Natural Medicines Chemicals/CAS: penicillin G, 1406-05-9, 61-33-6; streptomycin, 57-92-1; tetracycline, 23843-90-5, 60-54- Correspondence Address: Otsuka, H.; Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2- 3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan; email: hotsuka@hiroshima-u.ac.jp Abbreviated Source Title: Journal of Natural Medicines • Giang, P.M., Faculty of Chemistry, College of Natural Science, Vietnam National University, 19 Le Thanh Tong, Hanoi, Viet Nam, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan • Son, P.T., Faculty of Chemistry, College of Natural Science, Vietnam National University, 19 Le Thanh Tong, Hanoi, Viet Nam • Matsunami, K., Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734- • Otsuka, H., Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8551, • Vo, V.C., (1997) Dictionary of Vietnamese Medicinal Plants, , Medicine Ho Chi Minh City • (1999) Selected Medicinal Plants in Vietnam, , Le Van Truyen, Nguyen Gia Tran (eds) Science and Technology, Hanoi • Phan, M.G., Jin, H.Z., Phan, T.S., Lee, J.H., Hong, Y.S., Lee, J.J., Ent-kaurane diterpenoids from Croton tonkinensis inhibit LPS-induced NF-κB activation and NO production (2003) J Nat Prod, 66, pp. 1217-1220 • Phan, M.G., Phan, T.S., Lee, J.J., Otsuka, H., Four ent-kaurane-type diterpenoids from Croton tonkinensis Gagnep (2004) Chem • Phan, M.G., Phan, T.S., Hamada, Y., Otsuka, H., Cytotoxic diterepenoids from Vietnemese medicinal plant Croton tonkinensis Gagnep (2005) Chem Pharm Bull, 53, pp. 296-300 • Archer, G.L., Staphylococcus aureus: A well-armed pathogen (1998) Clin Infect Dis, 26, pp. 1179-1181 • Velikova, M., Bankova, V., Tsvekova, I., Kujumgiev, A., Marcucci, M.C., Antibacterial ent-kaurene from Brazilian propolis of native stingless bees (2000) Fitoterapia, 71, pp. 693-696 • Kubo, I., Xu, Y., Shimizu, K., Antibacterial activity of ent-kaurene diterpenoids from Rabdosia rosthornii (2004) Phytother Res, • Gibbons, S., Anti-staphylococcal plant natural products (2004) Nat Prod Rep, 21, pp. 263-277 • MacHado, T.B., Pinto, A.V., McFr, P., Leal, I.C.R., Silva, M.G., Amaral, A.C.F., Kuster, R.M., Netto-Dossantos, K.R., In vitro activity of Brazilian medicinal plants, naturally occurring naphthoquinones and their analogues, against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (2003) Int J Antimicrob Agents, 21, pp. 279-284 • Hecker, S.J., Glinka, T.W., Cho, A., Zhang, Z.J., Price, M.E., Chamberland, S., Griffith, D., Lee, V.J., Discovery of RWJ-54428 (MC-02, 479), a new cephalosporin active against resistant gram-positive bacteria (2000) J Antibiot, 53, pp. 127-1281

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